Saturday, June 3, 2023
By: Monica M Smith
In recognition of May being Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month, for today’s Rotary history moment I will share a short story about an inspiring Korean American surgeon and inventor, Dr. InBae Yoon (1936-2014), who spent most of his career in Maryland.
Today’s talk is based primarily on articles about Dr. Yoon written by my Smithsonian colleagues Tricia Edwards, Sarah Wheeler, and Joyce Bedi.
Dr. Yoon was born in Korea in July 1936 during the Japanese Occupation and grew up through the Korean War. He attended the Yonsei University School of Medicine in Seoul and graduated with his medical degree in 1961. For three years, Yoon served as medical officer in the South Korean Navy. During that time he married Kyung Joo Yoon and then, in 1964, he participated in a program matching Korean medical doctors with United States hospitals and
medical schools.
As a result, Yoon and his wife immigrated to Maryland where he would conduct his internship and general surgical residency at the Church Home and Hospital in Baltimore. During his residency, Yoon switched from general surgery to obstetrics and gynecology and became fascinated by laparoscopy, a method of surgery performed using a scope placed through the umbilicus, sometimes with other small incisions in the abdomen. Observing some of the complications from these early, risky procedures, he became interested in safer laparoscopic methods with shorter recovery times and less scarring for the patients. He strongly believed that even complicated surgeries could be performed this way.
This conviction sparked in him a lifetime passion and creativity to invent new surgical devices.
After completing his residency in 1969 and a fellowship the year after, he joined a private practice in Hagerstown and Bethesda. Then in 1973, he joined the John Hopkins University School of Medicine as an assistant professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, where he explored new laparoscopic techniques and procedures. After endless nights of drawing, redrawing, and tinkering, Dr. Yoon earned his first patent in 1975 for the applicator device of what became known as the Yoon Ring (US Patent 3,870,048). The Yoon Ring system provided a safer method for laparoscopic tubal ligation by applying a silicon band around the fallopian tube to prevent pregnancy. This simple mechanical method of tubal ligation, requiring only a local anesthetic, avoided many of the complications associated with other tubal ligation techniques that utilized electrocautery [using a needle or other instrument that is electrically heated].
Dr. Yoon could see further potential for the use of laparoscopy in many other types of surgeries beyond OB/GYN. From 1975 to 1985, he focused on inventing safety systems for laparoscopic procedures, including safety needles, safety catheters, and trocars (small tubular port inserted into a small abdominal incision that allow endoscopic surgical instruments to enter the body safely). During this time, he was appointed the Chairman of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Wyman Park Hospital in 1981 where he continued his research.
In 1985, Yoon then incorporated his own company, Yoonitech, Inc. to pursue his inventions. Three years later, Yoon established a relationship with Johnson and Johnson’s subsidiary, Ethicon Endo-Surgery (EES), which licensed his shielded trocar patent (US Patent 4,535,773) to bring his product to market. Yoon spent much of the late 1980s to the early 2000s, working on new innovations such as retractable penetrating instruments, suture tie instruments, cavity stents, and expanders, as well as making modifications to previous safety system designs.
In the late 1990s, Dr. Yoon established the I.B. Yoon Multi-Specialty Endoscopic Research and Training Center at his alma mater, Yonsei University School of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea. In his dedication address, he said “To me, it goes without saying that we—the medical professionals—exist because there are and will be patients who need our care. Whatever we do, we must always question ‘Are we doing all we can for our patients?’ and ‘Are there any better ways to improve our patient care?’ When we keep these in the foremost part of our mind, I believe all creativity and necessary energy will naturally stem from them.” 1
By the end of his career, he earned more than 200 patents. Dr. Yoon passed away on December 30, 2014, in Ellicott City, Maryland, but his legacy continues through his family’s Foundation and through ongoing medical advancements inspired by his innovative work, especially in laparoscopic surgery. Today, as he predicted, minimally invasive techniques are used regularly and are considered the safest option for many surgeries across multiple fields of
medicine.
1 Quote from: https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/baltimoresun/name/inbae-yoon-obituary?id=19112748
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